Grammar

Adjectives – 16 types of adjectives.

All about adjectives

16 Types Of Adjectives

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16 types of adjectives

CONTENTS

  • Definition
  • Types of adjectives
  • Comparison of nouns
  • Order of adjectives
  • Nouns as adjectives
  • Adjectives with "-ly"
  • Participial adjectives

definition of Adjective
what is an adjective

What is an adjective?

An adjective describes or tells us about a noun. That is why it is called a DESCRIBING WORD.

An adjective usually comes before a noun to provide more detail or information about the noun.

Adjective provide vital details that help the reader to visualize and comprehend the subject.

An example

  • This is a huge table.

In the above sentence, first we have to identify the noun. 

The noun, is nothing but name of a person, place or thing. 

Therefore, TABLE is the (countable) noun.

The table is described as HUGE.

Therefore  HUGE is the adjective and it comes before the noun, which helps us imagine that the table is huge.

Adjective with example
16 types of adjective in detail

16 types of adjectives

An adjective describes or tells us about a noun. That is why it is called a DESCRIBING WORD.

The list might seem a little long, but its quite EASY. 

So let’s go through one by one in detail with the help of relevant pictures.

QUANTITATIVE ADJECTIVE

  • 1.    is one that shows how much (quantity) of a thing is meant.

    Example: I ate too much meat.

    He drinks little juice.

    I had enough exercise.

Quantitative adjective with example
Qualitative adjective with example.

Qualitative or Attributive adjective

1.    is used to describe the features
or qualities of a noun.

Example: The boy is handsome.

The Indian gooseberry is sweet and sour.

He is an honest
man.

The apple is crunchy.

PROPER ADJECTIVE

  • 1.    Proper adjective is derived from a proper noun.

    Example: The Atlantic Ocean, 

  • The French language, 

  • The Indian tea.

Proper adjective with example
What is numeral adjective

NUMERAL ADJECTIVE

1.    Also called adjective of number, is used to represent the numbers or order of any substance in a sentence.

It is divided into definite and indefinite adjective.

DEFINITE ADJECTIVE

  •      
    Definite adjective says
    about the exact number. They are further divided into three.

          i.  Cardinals:
    One, two, three and so on. E.g., I have one
    apple.
       

Definite adjective, cardinal adjective with example
Ordinal adjective with example

Ordinal adjective

Ordinals:
First, second and so on. E.g., I got the first
prize.

MULTIPLICATIVE ADJECTIVE

  • Multiplicatives:

    Single, double, triple and so on.

  •  E.g., I won a
    double ticket.
multiplicative adjective with example
Indefinite adjective with example

Indefinite adjective

·       Indefinite adjective does not tell us about the exact number. E.g., some, all, none, many, enough, several, few etc. 

DISTRIBUTIVE ADJECTIVE

  • 1.   Distributive adjective 

    is one
    that refers to each one of a number. They are each, every, either, neither.

     

    Example: Either spoon will
    do.

  •  

    Every word of it is true.

Distributive adjective with example
Demonstrative adjective with example

Demonstrative adjective

Demonstrative adjective shows which or what specific person, place or thing are intended to be pointed out. The demonstrative adjectives are, ‘this’, ‘that’, ‘these’, ‘those’.

E.g., These apples are sweet.

 

This table is mine.

INTERROGATIVE ADJECTIVE

  • 1.    1.    : is used to ask a question. E.g., What game do you like the most?

    E.g., Which cat is yours?

    What is your name?

Interrogative adjective with example
Possessive adjective with example

Possessive adjective

1.    Possessive adjective shows to whom things belong. The possessive adjectives are his, her, our, your, my, its, their.

EMPHASIZING ADJECTIVE

  • 1.   1.    The words ‘own’ and ‘very’ are used as emphasizing adjectives.

    E.g., This is the very first thing I do in the morning.

    Mind your own business.

    I did it with my own hands.

Emphasizing adjective with example
Exclamatory adjective with example

Exclamatory adjective

The word “what” is sometimes used as an Exclamatory adjective.

What a chance!

What an idea!

What a blessing!

What genius! 

Grammar

Types of sentences

The sentence and its types

5 types of sentences

definition of a sentence

 

A group of words which make complete sense is called a sentence.

A sentence always starts with a capital letter and ends with a full stop(.), exclamation mark(!) or question mark(?).

definition of a sentence

types of sentences

sentence and its types

 

A group of words which make complete sense is called a sentence.

A sentence always starts with a capital letter and ends with a full stop(.), exclamation mark(!) or question mark(?).

1. Declarative (or) Assertive sentence

Declarative or assertive sentences are those which makes statements or assertions. They state or declare something.

It ends with a full stop.

 

Example: I like to play carrom.

declarative or assertive sentence with example

2. Imperative sentence

Imperative sentence express commands, requests.

It ends with a full stop or an exclamation mark.

Example: Please clean your room. (Request)

Clean your room now! (Command)

Go take your books. (Command)

imperative sentence with example

3. Interrogative sentence

Interrogative sentences are those which asks questions.

It ends with a question mark.

Example: What is your favourite colour?

Interrogative sentence with example

4. Exclamatory sentence

Exclamatory sentences are those which expresses strong feelings or extraordinary emotions.

 

Example: Wow, you are looking gorgeous!

Exclamatory sentence with example

5. Optative sentence

Optative sentences are those which express a prayer, a wish, a blessing or a curse.

Example: I wish you all success.

May you live long.

May God bless you!

Optative sentence - types of sentences
Types of sentences with examples - grammar
Grammar

Noun and its types

NOUN AND ITS TYPES grammar

A noun is the name of a person, place, animal or thing. nouns also name an emotion or quality or state.

Types of nouns
definition of noun - grammar

A noun is the name of a person, place animal or thing.

what is a noun
7 types of noun
common noun and proper noun

Common noun names, people, places, and, things. 

 

Examples of common noun, school, students, cat, ocean. 

 

 

proper noun starts with a capital letter

Priya is a proper noun, while girl is a common noun.

Paul is proper noun, while boy is a common noun.

Chennai is a proper noun, while city is a common noun. 

India is a proper noun, while country is a common noun.

Asia is a proper noun, while continent is a common noun.

common noun proper noun

Proper noun names, specific people, places, and, things. Now let us see some examples of proper noun. 

 

Examples of proper nouns 

ABC school 

John 

spots 

Pacific ocean 

“proper noun names specific names of school students ocean etc. “

 

“Proper nouns always starts with capital letter.”

collective noun

Collective noun

Collective noun is a word or phrase that refers to a group of people or things as one entity. 

In simpler terms, it refers to more than one. 

 

collective noun example
  • To speak of a collection or a number of persons or things as a whole or as one group, we use a collective noun. 

A bunch of grapes. 

A swarm of bees. 

collective noun example
  • For example 

I fought
gang of thieves

I saw
flock of sheep. 

 

A fleet of ships refers to a collection of ships.

 

An army of soldiers refers to a collection of soldiers.

 

A crowd of people refers to a collection of people.

 

collective noun and types of noun
countable noun uncountable noun

Nouns naming things that can be counted are called countable or count nouns.

Countable nouns are nouns which have plurals. 

Most common and countable nouns can
we counted. 

 

countable noun uncountable noun

Nouns that name things that cannot be counted are called uncountable or non count nouns. 

Uncountable nouns don’t have plurals. 

  • This door is made of glass

In the above sentence, glass refers to a material and it cannot be counted. It is therefore an uncountable noun. 

 

 

countable noun uncountable noun

Examples of countable nouns are  

 

bird   –         birds 

duck  –          ducks  

gang –          gangs  

team –          teams  

manager –    managers  

boy  –    boys  

bunch     –      bunches  

countable noun uncountable noun

Examples of uncountable nouns are materials like sugar, furniture, oil, water, gold, rice etc. 

 

Uncountable nouns cannot be counted, but are measured in units. We cannot say, one sugar but we can say 1 kilo of sugar. We cannot say one milk but we should say one liter of milk. 

 

1.      pieces of furniture 

2.      a bottle of juice 

3.      1K of wheat 

4.      a sheet of glass  

5.      a jar of pickle 

In all these examples, the unit of measurement are being counted and not the nouns themselves. 

concrete noun and abstract noun

An abstract noun is usually the name for a state of being, a concept, a quality or an action that has no physical existence. Things named by abstract nouns cannot be seen, touched, tasted or smelt. 

concrete noun and abstract noun
concrete noun and abstract noun

Laughter is the best medicine. 

love my dog. 

We have a natural desire to want to help others. 

Finally, she worked up the courage and turned on the machine. 

concrete noun and abstract noun
concrete noun and abstract noun
concrete noun and abstract noun

Many abstract nouns are formed from 

  • Adjectives 

strength from strong. 

Youth from young. 

  • Verbs 

Laughter from laugh. 

Freedom from free. 

  • Common nouns  

patriotism from patriot. 

Friendship from friend. 

 

The names of subjects like art, music, Math, biology etc. are also abstract nouns, because they are all concepts. 

concrete noun and abstract noun

A noun referring to things that can be perceived or experienced through any of our five senses – which means that it can be seen, touched or felt, tasted, smelt or heard – is called a concrete noun.  

 

concrete noun and abstract noun

Examples 

1. Seetha ate an orange

2. Put some salt in the rice

3.The dog swam in the water

 

In the sentences 

above, Seetha, orange, salt, rice, dog, water, are all concrete nouns. Thus, concrete nouns can be common, proper or collective nouns.

concrete noun and abstract noun
Grammar

Noun – Gender

Noun gender - masculine and feminine in detail

“All living things are categorized as male or female.”

A noun is the name of the person, place, animal or thing.

definition

A noun that denotes a male is said to be of the Masculine gender. 

E.g., boy, man, tiger, lion.

A noun that denotes a female is said to be of the Feminine gender. 

E.g., girl, woman, tigress, lioness.




common gender
neuter gender

A noun that denotes male or a female is said to be of the common gender. E.g., student, friend, baby, infant.

A noun that denotes a thing(non-living thing) that is neither male nor female is said to be of the neuter gender. E.g., bottle, pen, pencil, knife, book.

Masculine feminine, common gender, neuter gender

noun personification

The feminine gender is often applied to objects remarkable for beauty, gentleness, prettiness and gracefulness.

-Nature, love, charity, The Earth, virtue, fame, truth, modesty, justice, liberty, pride, mercy, peace, jealousy, hope, humility are personified as feminine.

gender masculine feminine personification noun

noun personification

The masculine gender is often applied to objects remarkable for strength and violence.

– Sun is regarded as masculine.

 – Oh! the scorching sun, he is merciless!

gender masculine feminine personification noun

noun personification

A ship is always spoken of as ‘she’. 

The same is also applied to motor vehicles, trains, and other machines.

– The Titanic didn’t know that it was her last sail.

gender masculine feminine personification noun

rules or ways to form feminine of nouns.

1. Place a word before or after.

2. Add a syllable(-a, -ine, -ess, -trix)

3. Or use a completely different word.

gender masculine feminine noun

rules or ways to form feminine of nouns.

1. Place a word before or after.

2. Add a syllable(-a, -ine, -ess, -trix)

3. Or use a completely different word.

gender masculine feminine noun

rules or ways to form feminine of nouns.

1. Place a word before or after.

2. Add a syllable(-a, -ine, -ess, -trix)

3. Or use a completely different word.

gender masculine feminine noun

rules or ways to form feminine of nouns.

1. Place a word before or after.

2. Add a syllable(-a, -ine, -ess, -trix)

3. Or use a completely different word.

gender masculine feminine noun

rules or ways to form feminine of nouns.

1. Place a word before or after.

2. Add a syllable(-a, -ine, -ess, -trix)

3. Or use a completely different word.

noun - gender - masculine, feminine, male, female - grammar rules

rules or ways to form feminine of nouns.

1. Place a word before or after.

2. Add a syllable(-a, -ine, -ess, -trix)

3. Or use a completely different word.

noun - gender - masculine, feminine, male, female - grammar rules
Grammar

Parts of speech

DEFINITION WITH EXAMPLES
different parts of speech in English

PARTS OF SPEECH

CONTENTS

Noun – Types, Gender, number(singular, plural),

Pronoun

Verb

Adjective

Adverb

Preposition

Conjunction

Interjection

Article

1.    NOUN: A noun indicates the name of the person, place, animal, or thing.

       The sweets are tasty.

       Peter runs in the park.

       The Artic Terns migrate 70000 miles.

 

2.    PRONOUN: A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun. It is a word used instead of a noun.

       The sweets are tasty. (They are tasty, ‘they’ is the pronoun).

       Peter runs in the park. (He runs in the park, ‘he’ is the pronoun).

       The Artic Terns migrate 70000 miles. (They migrate 70000 miles, ‘they’ is the pronoun).

 

3.    VERB: Verbs are words that show action or state of being.

       The sweets are tasty. (‘are’ is the ‘be’ verb).

       Peter runs in the park. (‘runs’ is the verb).

       The Artic Terns migrate 70000 miles. (‘migrate’ is the verb).

 

4.    ADJECTIVE: An adjective describes a noun.

       The (delicious) sweets are tasty.

       (Strong and handsome) Peter runs in the park.

       (The medium – sized) Artic Terns migrate 70000 miles.

[The words in the brackets are adjectives].

 

5.    ADVERB: An adverb describes a verb, an adjective or another adverb.

       The sweets are very tasty. (sweets – is a noun. tasty – an adjective which modifies the word sweets. ‘Very’ is modifying the word ‘tasty’ (adjective) and thereby is an adverb).

       Peter runs (fast) in the park.

       The Artic Terns migrate 70000 miles (seasonally).

[The words in the brackets are adverbs].

 

6.    PREPOSITION: A preposition is a word used before a noun or a pronoun to describe how the person or thing is related to something else. It shows time, place, location, or relationships.

       Peter runs (fast) in the park. (‘in’ is the preposition).

       This story book belongs to me. (‘to’ is the preposition).

       The black board is behind me. (‘behind’ is the preposition).

 

7.    CONJUNCTION: A conjunction is used to join words or sentences together.

       I like tea. I like coffee. (I like tea and coffee). – ‘and’ is the conjunction.

 

 

8.    INTERJECTION:

An interjection expresses some sudden feelings. They express emotions or sentiments of the speaker or hesitation or protest. They are usually followed by an exclamation mark.

       Oops! I made a mistake.

       Wow! That’s really great news.

       Eww! That stinks.

       Ouch! It hurts.

 

9.    Article: Articles come before nouns. The words ‘a’, ‘an’, ‘the’ are called articles. A, an are called indefinite articles. The is called the definite article. 

           –     The Sun.

           –     The Earth.

          –      A book.

          –      An eraser.

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Grammar

Subject and Predicate

subject and predicate

CONTENTS
Definition of a sentence.
What is a Subject?
What is a predicate?

Definition:
A group of words that makes complete sense is called a sentence.

A sentence always starts with a capital letter and ends with a full stop, (.), question mark(?) or exclamation mark(!).

E.g.'s of complete sentence
- He drives slow.
- Did you attend the party?
- Wow! you look gorgeous!
- Close the window!

definition of a sentence and how a sentence ends.

the dog is in the kennel.

‘The dog’ is the subject.

‘is in the kennel’ – is the predicate.

The subject is the what or or who in a sentence.

The predicate is the action in a sentence, i.e., what the subject does or is. 

subject predicate grammar rules
subject and predicate grammar rules

what is subject and predicate

While framing a sentence,
We name the person or thing(noun) (subject).

We tell what the person or thing does, i.e., we say something about the person or thing.

E.g., Scorpions are poisonous.
Scorpions - Subject.
are poisonous - predicate.

What is subject and predicate
subject and predicate rules

subjects can also be placed at the end of a sentence.

As in the picture, the subject usually come first, but sometimes it is placed after the predicate.

 – Here are the apples.

apples (noun)is the subject which comes at the end of the sentence.

TYPES OF SUBJECT AND PREDICATE

The complete subject is all the words before the verb.

  • The bright, red sun rises in the east.

The simple subject is one or two main words in the subject.

  • The bright, red sun rises in the east.

The complete predicate – is all the words from the verb till the end of the sentence.

  • The bright, red sun rises in the east.

The simple predicate is the first verb and any helping verb with the first verb.

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