Category: Tenses

future perfect tense Future perfect tense
Grammar · Tenses

Future perfect tense

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Future perfect tense

Four forms of Future tense

Simple future tense

Future continuous tense

Future perfect tense

Future perfect continuous tense

Future perfect tense definition

Future perfect tense is used to talk about something that will be completed before a specific time in the future.

My friends are coming at 2. I’ll have finished writing by then.

Future perfect tense formula

future perfect tense formula
For positive form, + past participle of the verb.
For negative form, + past participle of the verb.
future perfect tense formula with examples for positive form and negative form.
To form a question with future perfect tense, followed by the subject + have + past participle of the verb.
Future perfect tense formula with examples.

When and how to use Future perfect tense?

The instances of when to use future perfect tense.

It is used to talk about actions that will be completed by a certain future time.

  • He will have left before you go to see him.
  • She will have cleaned the house.
  • By the end of the day, she will have completed the work.
future continuous tense Future continuous tense
Grammar · Tenses

Future continuous tense

reshana

Future continuous tense

Four forms of Future tense

Simple future tense

Future continuous tense

Future perfect tense

Future perfect continuous tense

Future continuous tense definition

Future continuous tense refers to events, or actions or states will occur in the future and continue for a specific period of time.

Future continuous tense formula

future tense formula
For positive form, + be + verb(ing)
For negative form, + be + verb(ing)
Future continuous tense formula for positive form, negative form and question form of sentences.
To form a question with future continuous tense, followed by the subject + be + verb(ing).
Future continuous tense formula for positive form, negative form and question form of sentences.

When and how to use Future continuous tense?

The instances of when to use future continuous tense.
To talk about actions in the future which are already planned or which are expected to happen in the normal course of things.

I will be joining next week.

This time next month I will be writing my exams.

The food delivery man will be coming soon.

 

To talk about actions that will be in progress at a time in the future.

“Can I call you at 1?” – “No I will be eating my lunch”.

This time tomorrow I will be going to the library.

We will be shopping here next week.

 

Particulars and details.

To talk about official plans and arrangements.

be to + base form of the verb.

The meeting is to discuss exam results.

The Chief is to visit the grounds next month.

Future perfect continuous tense with formulas and examples Future perfect continuous tense
Grammar · Tenses

Future perfect continuous tense

reshana

Four forms of Future tense

Simple future tense

Future continuous tense

Future perfect tense

Future perfect continuous tense

Definition

Future perfect continuous tense is also called future perfect progressive tense. 

It describes actions that will continue up until a point in the future – like, for one week, for two days.

Helping verbs – will have been/shall have been are used.

 

future perfect tense formula
For positive form, + present participle of the verb.
For negative form, + present participle of the verb.
future perfect continuous tense formula for positive and negative form of sentences.
To form a question with future perfect continuous tense, followed by the subject + have been + present participle of the verb.
future perfect continuous tense formula for question form of sentences.

Future perfect continuous tense is used for actions which will be in progress over a period of time that will end in the future.

  • At 10 o clock, we will have been waiting for you for 2 hours.
  • By the end of April, we will have been living here for 10 years.
  • When I am in class, my friends will have been playing in the ground.
Past perfect continuous tense with formulas and examples. Past perfect continuous tense
Grammar · Tenses

Past perfect continuous tense

reshana

Past Perfect Continuous Tense

It refers to an action that started in the past and continued up to another point in the past.

Also called Past perfect progressive tense.

The action began before a certain point in the past and continued up to that point.

E.g., When Sam came to the library, I had already been there before an hour.

Formula for present perfect continuous tense

"HAD BEEN"
Formula for past perfect tense
past perfect continuous tense formula

Regardless of whether the subject is singular or plural, just add “had been” before the verb.

  • Add “ing” to the verb.

 

Regardless of whether the subject is singular or plural, just add “had not been” before the verb.

  • Add “ing” to the verb.

To from a question using present perfect continuous tense, begin your sentence with “HAD”, followed by the subject, then “been” and “ing” form of the verb.

past perfect continuous tense question form formula.
Question form
past perfect tense with formulas and examples. Past perfect tense
Grammar · Tenses

Past perfect tense

reshana

Past perfect tense

Past perfect tense refers to the actions that occurred in the past and finished before another action.

It is also called ‘Pluperfect’.

 

When is past perfect tense used?

When two actions happened in the past, one action must have happened before the other. The past perfect tense is used to show which happened first and next.

E.g, I had done my cooking when she came to see me. 

2. I had completed the exam before the bell rang.

 

Past perfect tense formula

Formula for past perfect tense

Past perfect tense

Always add before the verb for past perfect tense.
past perfect tense negative from formulas
To form a question, followed by the subject and past tense of the verb.
past perfect tense formulas
simple future tense Simple future tense
Grammar · Tenses

Simple future tense

reshana

Simple future tense

Four forms of Future tense

Simple future tense

Future continuous tense

Future perfect tense

Future perfect continuous tense

Simple future tense definition

Simple future tense refers to events, or actions or states that will begin and end in the future.

future tense formula
For positive form, before the verb.
For negative form, before the verb.
Simple future tense formula
To form a question with simple future tense, followed by the subject and then the base form of the verb.
Simple future tense formula

When and how to use Simple future tense?

The instances of when to use simple future tense.
What we believe or think will happen in future.

I am sure I will get an A grade.

I think you will get it done.

I believe you will help me.

For events which we cannot control.

We will know our project details in December.

I shall be thirty five next Monday.

It will be Christmas in a month.

When we have decided to do something before talking about it.

“be going to + base form of the verb”.

I am going to schedule the exam dates.

She is going to buy a car. 

 

When we decide to do something at the time of speaking.

The Chief is in a meeting, so I’ll wait.

I am expecting a friend, I will make her the best coffee.

It is snowing, I will not go out.

When there is something in the present which tells us about the future.

She is going to have a baby.

The plates are at the edge, they are going to fall.

"about to + base" is used for immediate future.

Do not talk, the exam is about to start.

Let’s get ready, the party is about to begin.

Simple future tense highlights

Simple future tense is used for instant decisions.

The going to is used for events already been decided upon and preparations have been made.

What is simple past tense with formulas and examples Simple past tense
Grammar · Tenses

Simple past tense

reshana

The four forms of past tense are

Simple past tense

Past continuous tense

Past perfect tense

Past perfect continuous tense

Four forms of present tense

How to form past tense?

Just change the verb(action word to its past tense form).

simple past tense positive form

Negative and Question form.

– Just add did not or didn’t after the subject and before the verb.

– To form a question, start your sentence with Did, followed by the subject and then the base form of the verb.

– In the negative and question form, DO NOT change the verb to past tense. The verb should be in the base form. 

simple past tense negative form and question form

types of main verbs
1. regular and irregular verbs.

Regular verbs:  Verbs that form their past tense form and past participle by adding ‘d’ or ‘ed’ to the base form are called regular verbs. 

  • The kitten plays with a ball of wool. (present tense) 
  • The kitten played with a ball of wool. (past tense) 
  • The kitten has played with a ball of wool. (past participle) 

 

regular verbs examples
regular verbs examples

Irregular verbs:  Irregular verbs form their past tense and past participle in many different ways. There is no fixed pattern to make the past tense and past participle of irregular verbs. The only way is to learn them is with practice.

There are 3 types of irregular verbs.

  • Verbs with all the three forms (the base, the past tense form, the past participle) identical. 
  • Verbs with two parts identical. These verbs can be either regular or irregular with a ‘t’ suffix. 
  • Verbs with all three parts different. 

 

All three forms are the same.

Two of the forms are the same.

irregular verb and its types
types of irregular verbs

Two of the forms are the same.

forms of irregular verbs
irregular verb and its types
Types of irregular verbs
irregular verbs and its types
irregular verbs and its types

All three forms are different.

irregular verb and its types
irregular verb and its types
irregular verb and its types
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What is past continuous tense? Past continuous tense
Grammar · Tenses

Past continuous tense

reshana

Past continuous tense

It refers to a continuing action that was happening at some point in the past.

The four forms of past tense are:

1. Simple past tense.

2. Past continuous tense.

3. Past perfect tense

4. Past perfect continuous tense.

What is simple past tense and past continuous formula with examples

Positive form and negative form

Always add “ING” to the verb(action word) for all continuous tense forms.

  • If the subject is singular, add was + verb(ing).
  • If the subject is plural, add were + verb(ing)
  • If the subject is "I", add was + verb(ing)
  • To from a negative sentence:
  • If the subject is singular, add was not + verb(ing)
  • If the subject is plural, add were not + verb(ing)
  • If the subject is "I", add was not + verb(ing)

Question form

Always add “ING”  to the verb for all continuous tense forms.

  • If the subject is singular, start the sentence with Was, followed by the subject and then verb(ing).
  • If the subject is plural, start the sentence with Were, followed by the subject and then verb(ing).
  • If the subject is "I", start the sentence with Was, followed by the subject and then verb(ing).
past continuous formula with examples
simple past tense and past continuous formula with examples

When is past continuous tense used?

1. To denote an action going on at some point in the past.

E.g., We were eating in the afternoon.

I was teaching then.

She came when I was reading.

2. Used with always, and continually, etc, to denote persistent habits in the past.

E.g., She was always crying.

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What is present perfect continuous tense Present perfect continuous tense
Grammar · Tenses

Present perfect continuous tense

reshana

Present tense forms

Simple present tense.

Present continuous tense.

Present perfect tense.

Present perfect continuous tense.

 

 

 

What are the present tense forms?

An action which began at some time in the past and is still continuing is called Present perfect continuous tense.

formula for simple present tense and present continuous tense
formula for present perfect and present perfect continuous tense

How to form present perfect continuous tense?

POSITIVE FORM

NEGATIVE FORM

QUESTION FORM

SINGULAR - Subject + has been + verb(ing).

SINGULAR - Subject + has not/hasn't + been + verb(ing).

SINGULAR - Hasn't/Has + subject + been + verb(ing)?

E.g. She has been playing carrom.

E.g. She has not /hasn't been playing carrom.

E.g. Hasn't /Has she been playing carrom?

Plural - Subject + have been + verb(ing).

Plural - Subject + have not/haven't + been + verb(ing).

PLURAL - Have/Haven't + subject + been + verb(ing)?

E.g. They have been playing carrom.

E.g. They have not been playing carrom.

E.g. Have/Haven't they been playing carrom?

I have been playing carrom.

I have not been playing carrom.

Have I been playing carrom?

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what is present perfect tense? Present perfect tense
Grammar · Tenses

Present perfect tense

reshana
formula for simple present tense and present continuous tense

Simple present: It refers to an action that happens at the present time.

Present continuous tense: An action that is happening now and may continue into the future.

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

  • Look at the subject.
  • If it is singular - has + past participle of the verb
  • E.g., She feeds the dog. (change to present perfect). Answer: She has fed the dog.
  • If the subject is plural - have + past participle of the verb.
  • E.g., They feed the dog. (change to present perfect). Answer: They have fed the dog.
formula for present perfect and present perfect continuous tense

Examples

Change to present perfect tense.

  • I clean the room.
    I have cleaned the room.
  • I made you tea.
    I have made you tea.
  • She watches the movie.(Simple present)
    Positive: She has watched the movie.
    Negative: She has not watched the movie.
    Question: Has she watched the movie?
  • My friend lost the key.
    Positive: My friend has lost the key.
    Negative: My friend has not lost the key.
    Question: Has my friend lost the key? friend lost the key?
what is the formula for present perfect tense

Question form.

  • Look at the subject in the given sentence.
  • For singular subject - begin the sentence with "Has", followed by the subject and past participle of the verb(action word).
  • For plural subject - begin the sentence with "Have", followed by the subject and past participle of the verb(action word).
what is the question form of present perfect tense

There are 4 instances where present perfect tense is used.

 To express past actions whose time is not given and not definite.

E.g., Sam has been to U.S.

I have never known him to be sad.

Have you read Harry Potter?

To describe past events whose effects are more in the present time than of the action itself.

E.g., I have hurt myself.

I have completed the job. 

I have slept all afternoon. (means I feel fresh now).

To indicate an action that started in the past and is continuing up to the present time.

E.g., I have worked here since January.

They have not eaten since yesterday.

We have lived here for two years.

 

 

For specification of completed activities in the immediate past.

E.g.,

He has just scored a goal.

I have just reached on time.

She has just gone out.

When to NOT USE present perfect tense?

DO NOT USE PRESENT PERFECT WITH ADVERBS OF PAST TIME.

E.g., He has eaten yesterday.(incorrect).

But use Simple past instead.

He ate yesterday. (correct).

When to USE present perfect tense with adverbs?

Some adverbs and adverb phrases can be used with the present perfect tense. They are as below,

  • For negatives and questions - yet, so far, till now.
  • For questions only - ever, never.
  • this month, this week, already, today.
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